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For the automata collection.
Karakuri ningyō (からくり人形) are mechanized puppets or automata from Japan from the 17th century to 19th century. The word karakuri means “mechanisms” or “trick”.
The Karakuri tradition of invisibly concealing technology extends beyond puppetry and robotics, and continues to manifest itself in popular culture. Karakuri influenced the Noh, Kabuki and Bunraku theatre arts and directly contributed to the industrial modernisation of Japan. During the Edo period Japan was completely isolated from the rest of the world, during which time a unique cultural heritage developed away from outside influences. Despite isolation, Western technology was uniquely adapted to produce Karakuri Ningyo puppets. (SUEMATSU 2001b) Essentially, Karakuri is the realisation of the symbiotic relationship between Eastern tradition and Western technology. (KUROKAWA 2001) The history of the Karakuri Ningyo highlights anthropomorphic approaches to sociable robot development, and how they differ between the East and West. It is the starting point from which Japan’s love of robots and technology has developed.
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